Sequences and series Consider the following sum: The dots at the end indicate that the sum goes on forever. Does this make sense? Can we assign a numerical value to an infinite sum? While at first it may seem difficult or impossible, we have certainly done something similar when we talked about […]
Posts from November 2014
Chapter 4: enzyme substrate complex
Substrate specificity of enzymes -The reaction that an enzyme acts on is called the enzyme’s substrate. -The enzyme binds to its substrate forming an enzyme-substrate complex -The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds. -Induced fit of a substrate brings chemical groups of the active site into positions that enhance […]
Chapter 3 : cellular metabolism
Cellular metabolism – Metabolic path ways – Thermodynamics – Free energy – Introduction to enzymes Overview: the energy of life The living cell is a miniature chemical factory where thousands of reactions occur.The […]
Chapter 4 : Bayes rule
Total Probability, Bayes rule, Tree diagrams Probability spaces: Sample space S, Probability measure P Σ p(si) = 1 si<1 Event E is a subset of S, so: p(E) = Σ (ps) S<E Definition: events A and B are independent so P(A ∩ B)=P(A) P(B), We can extend this to more than 2 subsets: A,B,C S , A,B,C=events, […]
Chapter 2: basic counting and probability
Basic counting and probability Let’s count the number of words of length K with n letters ( repetition is authorized): So we have A , B , B ,A , C , (K = 5 n= 3 ) generally we can wright (n exponant k ) words. […]
Chapter 1: Genetic engineering
GENETIC ENGINEERING Definition: Direct and deliberate modification of an organism’s genome. Spotlights and topics in genetic engineering Hybridization Genetic tools DNA analysis (electrophoresis and PCR) Recombinant DNA technology Gene therapy Genome analysis (fingerprinting and microarray) HYBRIDIZATION Allows identification of an unknown organism by looking at its DNA sequence. Hybridization use a DNA that binds complementary […]
Chapter 1: Probability ( basic review of sets)
Definition : A set is a collection of mathematical or every kind of elements e.g A = {1,2,3,4,6,Δ,a} .1,2,3,4,6,Δ,a are called elements of the set A and the size of elements is the absolute value of A = !A! (that is the absolute avalue of total number of elements) .In this case the size of A is 7 […]
Chapitre 1 : culture cellulaire
On appelle culture cellulaire, le maintien en dehors de l’organisme, des cellules non organisées en tissu mais capable de se diviser in-vitro et d’exprimer des métabolismes et des fonctions spécifiques. I Lignées cellulaires La culture de cellules primaires Il s’agit de cellules issues du tissu d’un animal qui peuvent être dérivées de tissus normaux, d’embryons, […]
Chapitre 2 : Génie génétique
Définition Modification directe et dirigée du génome d’un organisme : bio-ingénierie. Biotechnologie: utilisation des voies biochimiques et métaboliques d’un organisme pour la production industrielle. Par exemple, les diabétiques doivent prendre de l’insuline et au début, cette insuline a été produite à partir d’insuline de porc, mais cette dernière a du par la suite être modifiée […]
Chapitre 1:théorie des ensembles
Théorie des ensembles Ce chapitre est consacré aux notions élémentaires et aux concepts généraux de la théorie des ensembles , dont on a besoin pour une introduction moderne à la théorie du calcul de probabilité 1) Définitions On appelle ensemble toute liste ou toute collection d’objets bien définis. On appelle éléments ou nombres de l’ensemble […]